![]() ![]() Like a patient who cries to be healed but watches as their doctor cannot get the serum just right, Baltimore residents are used to illness spreading more rowhomes being abandoned than being rebuilt. But to the latter institutional expectation, the public feels amiss but does not know why. Yet only if an alternative proposal offers a pragmatic, financially achievable and proven scope. To the former expectation, an account of the traditional and innovative building types with an account of past successes and failures by local government can regain public confidence. Proposals must then hold specific regard to the very-human, emotional effects that racism plays in setting structural expectations both literally and institutionally. Decades later from those insidious roots, residents are rightfully skeptical of innovative and alternative concepts when traditional solutions have repeatedly failed at paradigm shift. The main conclusion is that there is a need for more courtyard configuration in contemporary Canadian urban planning and architectural design to promote community development.īaltimore’s contemporary housing culture is the result of decades of discriminatory housing practices. It finally proposes a courtyard garden housing system that can be a template for universal application. The paper contributes to the topic of Housing and Happiness that is rarely studied. ![]() The findings suggest that the Courtyard is a central component to promote social happiness of residents. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 residents in three cooperative housing in Toronto and three cohousing across Canada. ![]() This research explored what make residents happy and/or unhappy in the common courtyards, and how to improve their living experience in the common courtyards. A key feature of this housing is the inclusion of shared spaces, such as common courtyards. Cohousing as its subsequent name has evolved into a global movement since the 1960s, to promote residents sharing and caring for one another through active participation in community lives and cooperative management. Cooperative housing as a form of social housing established in Toronto, Ontario, Canada as early as the 1910s. This paper investigates residents living experience in the common courtyards of cooperative housing and cohousing in Canada, and their sense of happiness associated with it. ![]()
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